Calligraphy (from the Greek words καλλος kallos “beauty” + γραφος grafos “writing”) is the art of penmanship that ranges from functional writing and handwritten letters to the visual arts, where creating a decorated handwritten character is often more important than the readability of the text. Calligraphy is different from typography. Individual characters are erratic and spontaneous, and include unique improvisation at the moment of writing.

Modern calligraphy continues to flourish in the forms of fonts, graphic designs, various announcements, invitations, memorial documents, etc. Most calligraphy these days is far from the original art of unique writing. Instead, it is more like simple penmanship that attracts attention because of its peculiar style. More noteworthy is Japanese or Arabic calligraphy, which gives a whole new perspective to the audience (if the audience can understand the characters). It is a common art, often used as decoration on walls, sometimes thematically for seasons (for example, in the hot summer “cold” and conversely).

Arabic calligraphy is artistic paintwriting. It is the art of neat and decorative writing. The advantage of Arabic calligraphy is the natural disposition of Arabic characters to decorative writing. The main impulse for the development of Arabic calligraphy was the holy book of Muslims – the Koran. But Arabic calligraphy is not limited only to Islam. Over time it has become an inseparable part of modern Arabic graphics and design.